Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Issues - Homosexuality is...

Homosexuality is Abnormal and Immoral Of all topics most popular in todays media, issues concerning homosexuals and homosexuality in general top the list. Homosexuality is generally defined as a sexual relationship between partners of the same sex. Debate concerning its causes and consequences has been going on for many centuries and almost in every period in human history. However, never before in human history has it been granted such wide scale acceptance in western society as it has now. The question that I seek to answer in this paper is whether such wide scale acceptance should in fact be granted to homosexual behavior? Is such behavior rational, scientifically functional or is it actually detrimental to the high level of†¦show more content†¦Birth control is simply the further delaying or prevention of a naturally occurring delaying process. The egg (ovum), which when fertilized develops into a zygote, which then eventually develops into the fetus, is released in the females body in a specific period of t ime and pregnancy is caused only if a sperm fuses with the egg in that specific time period. If the egg is not fertilized during that period, then the cycle in humans ends in menstruation (Encyclopedia Britannica, vol 26, Macropaedia 701-703) II) THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE: It was clearly recognized by experts who were objective and unprejudiced, that psychologically speaking homosexuality is an abnormal behavior. However large scale lobbying by homosexuals and certain psychologists brought in biases into this scientific field of inquiry and hence the truth got masked and the results are stated below: Before 1973 the DSM [Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders] listed homosexuality as a sexual disorder. Protests by gay activist groups and many psychotherapists eventually led to its elimination from the manual as a sexual disorder per se, but the DSM did retain a category called ego dystotic homosexuality- the feeling of extreme distress over ones homosexual preference. DSM III R has dropped even this category, and theShow MoreRelatedExploring Gender Identity And Gender Roles1809 Words   |  8 PagesGENDER ROLES HOMOSEXUALITY Abstract Gender identity display people’s understanding of themselves according to cultural definitions of female and male. In this essay I will attempt to enhance our understanding by exploring different aspects of gender identity, gender roles sexual identity issues. Relying mostly on my research that is conducted in the U.S. EXPLORING GENDER IDENTITY, GENDER ROLES HOMOSEXUALITY Exploring Gender Identity, Gender Roles Homosexuality We are currentlyRead MoreHomosexuality Deserves Respect1294 Words   |  5 Pagesprogressive world but discrimination of homosexuality is still prevalent in many countries. Homosexuality rights have always been a controversy topic around the world. According to the basic law of Hong Kong, all citizens shall have equal rights (Chan, 2012). In the beginning of this article, brief background information of homosexuality is provided. Then, the following paragraphs will show reasons why homosexuality should have human rights by analyzing this issue in three perspectives which includesRead MoreUdhr s Article On Lgbt Rights2347 Words   |  10 Pagesacceptance of one’s sexuality as important as other issues like poverty, unemployment, global warming, natural disasters and proper health solutions for Ebola, Lyme that put our survival itself at risk? When meditating on this question, let us also analyse our own sexual fabric. We set the standards of our own yardsticks to measure a sexual identity as valid/ invalid, normal/ abnormal, natural/ unnatural, acceptable/ unacceptable, moral/ immoral and finally good/ bad. Perhaps, upon these standardsRead MoreEssay on Theorising Heterosexism for Social Work Education1405 Words   |  6 Pageslabeled as corrupt and of a lower status. Heterosexism is perpetuated through societal forces such as language, religion, and the media. This is heterosexism in a nutshell, but we must venture deeper for greater understanding. There are more complex issues that are part of heterosexism that affect people on both grand scale and individualistic levels. The following paragraphs will discuss these facets in more detail. Heterosexism has many effects on people of both heterosexual and non-heterosexualRead MoreThe Morality of Homosexuality4311 Words   |  18 PagesTHE MORALITY OF HOMOSEXUALITY Table of content i. Introduction - - - - - - - - - 2 ii. Etymology of homosexuality - - - - - - - 2 iii. Historical Origin - - - - - - - - 3 iv. Types/Stages of Homosexuality - - - - - - 5 v. Factors Responsible for Homosexual Act - - - - - 6 a) Homosexuality as a Lifestyle - - - - - - - b) Homosexuality as an Illness - - - - - - - vi. The morality of Homosexuality - - - - - 10 vii. Arguments Against Homosexuality - - - - - - 10 viiiRead MoreSexuality And Gender : Social Constructs Essay1366 Words   |  6 Pagestopics, more specifically the spectrum? Well, the idea of sexuality being more than just heterosexuality has been challenged by conservative types and others alike for years. They may even deem anything other than heterosexuality as something abnormal and immoral. For some, it can be quite difficult to understand that sexuality is on a spectrum. Especially with identities like bisexuality and pansexuality, it can be difficult for some people to wrap their minds around that idea. In recent years, theRead MoreHow the Media has Influenced Peoples Thoughts on homosexuality1410 Words   |  6 Pagesbroadcasts of various sorts. The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender community, or commonly referred to as LBGT, has been a core group fear, scrutiny, and confusion within the reports of varied mediums of exposure since as early as the 1950s. The highly convincing nature of the media’s influenc e is deeply rooted as truth within the minds of just about every person in America. No matter where you look or turn, in this day and age you cannot avoid the topic of homosexuality. It is being discussed in theRead MoreIs Treating Homosexuality Ethical and Effective1940 Words   |  8 PagesHomosexuality reorientation therapy is a controversial topic. Its effectiveness as well as the ethics involved stir up much debate. Since homosexuality is not an illness, The American Psychological Association reiterated the ‘long-standing official position that homosexuality and bisexuality are not mental disorders, (APA, 1998) (Slife, 2004), can it be treated? If it can, how, and under what circumstances it should be used, are important questions. Before discussing treatment, original orientationRead MoreReligious Homosexual Oppression4676 Words   |  19 PagesAmerican dream of liberty and justice for all. 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The use of the term to describe who a person

Educational Management Administration and Leadership

Question: Discuss about the Educational Management Administration and Leadership. Answer: Introduction: The auditors often deliver services to their clients out of the auditing scope, which are considered as non-audit services. Such services might be in the form of tax-related service, management service and client business promotion (Arnold et al. 2016). However, providing non-audit services might lead to loss of auditor independence, which is a serious concern. In the provided case, the advocacy threat could be adjudged as the major threat to the independence of the auditor. This happens at the time the auditor is involved in promoting the business of the client or the opinion at a point, in which the individuals might perceive that there is compromise in objectivity. Hence, if the auditor offers advocacy services, it breaches the code of ethics, which would influence the independence of the auditor. The auditors independence could be in threat, in case; the person obtains monetary or non-monetary benefits other than the prescribed fees for audit services. In the provided case, the members of the audit firm have been offered with a holiday package. If the offer is accepted, it would raise the question regarding the independency of the audit firm. In addition, the independency threat rises with the increase in benefits (Christopher 2015). The spouse, parent, siblings, dependent and non-dependent child of an auditor are taken into account as close members of the family. The financial interest constitutes of debt ownership guarantee and securities of the person in relation to other person or intermediary, in case, the person involves in investment decision or controlling intermediary. The financial controller is the business of the client is the father of the proposed accountant. Thus, if the offer is accepted, it would result in loss of independence for the auditor (Fu, Carson and Simnett 2015). In relation to develop close relationship with the client, officers, staffs and directors, influential risk is inherent in the clients business environment. In this scenario, the auditor might feel sympathetic and the person could be associated with the client. This might influence the representation of the auditor, since the person has useful information of the client due to association in a past assignment with LTH a month ago. The auditor has provided services to the client by computing tax and passing accounting entries. Therefore, the auditor could not conduct evaluation of self-audit services. The following measures could be implemented for strengthening the independence of the auditor and they are classified as follows: The rotational system related to major partners minimises the threat of over-familiarity and self-interest and hence, this would promote the aspect of objectivity without adequate cost. Moreover, the historical and institutional knowledge of the firm would be available to each staff for assisting in maintaining high audit quality (Hay, Stewart and Botica Redmayne 2016). The auditor needs to be well-resourced and it is needed for the organisation to appoint qualified and independent audit members. Thus, it is necessary for the audit team to evaluate the objectivity and independence, while making the results available for the stakeholders. The main characteristics of effective auditor oversight involve independence from the audit profession and political interference. Thus, they are required to provide transparency, fair and true representation along with sharing and cooperating private data with another with utmost care. The auditor independence could be strengthened by using robust and effective standards of ethics. Thus, a global set of high quality independence and standards of ethics would minimise the difficulties associated with the procedures of auditing (Knechel and Salterio 2016). Two business risks to MSL in relation to equipment and spare parts purchase: The two business risks involved with the purchase of spare parts and equipments are briefly described as follows: This risk is not associated with the business approaches and the selection of the organisation for accurate products and market. The strategic risk engaged with managing inventory is related to the management of spare parts. At one level, the organisation might choose ad-hoc, which denotes spending items on purchase, using formal policies and involving the experienced managers for providing judgement on procedural issues. On the other level, the organisation might choose to standardise the management aspects for spare parts in the same way like the standardisation of financial management (Nicoll 2016). The pertinent approach for the organisation is reliant on the financial investment in inventory and risk involved with the possible loss. This type of risk is associated with the execution of the selected approach. The organisation might initiate a policy related to stocking for undertaking decisions associated with standardisation. However, it has been observed that this policy is not sufficient or the management approach is not in line with the initiated policy. Thus, in relation to spare parts inventory management, risk management denotes identifying the feasible things and conducting them accurately. Audit risk for each identified business risk and impact on account balances: The risk involved in the strategic risk could be considered as inherent risk. This risk takes place because of error in the financial statements or omission, instead of the contributory factor of control failure. In addition, the complex nature of the transaction or the circumstances needing greater judgement level for the financial estimations is also responsible for this inherent risk. This risk has an influence on the amount of account receivables and inventory balance. Certain transactions and accounts are related to inherent risk, which has severe influence on the accounting balances based on transaction losses (Shah and Jarzabkowski 2013). The risks that are associated with operations are identified as detection risk. This risk occurs when the auditor is unable to detection the material misstatement involved with the financial statement of the organisation through procedures of substantive tests and evaluation. The detection risks are highly expected at the time the auditor fails to implement the relevant processes (Van Akkeren and Tarr 2014). This has severe impact on the accounting balance, as it is above the accountant evaluation. The accounts that are highly prone to this risk include sales account, inventory account, revenue account and purchase account. References: Arnold, B., Bateman, H., Ferguson, A. and Raftery, A.M., 2016. Partner-scale economies, service bundling and auditor independence in the Australian self-managed superannuation (pension) fund industry.Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory. Christopher, J., 2015. Internal audit: Does it enhance governance in the Australian public university sector?.Educational Management Administration Leadership,43(6), pp.954-971. Fu, Y., Carson, E. and Simnett, R., 2015. Transparency report disclosure by Australian audit firms and opportunities for research.Managerial Auditing Journal,30(8/9), pp.870-910. Hay, D., Stewart, J. and Botica Redmayne, N., 2016. The Role of Auditing in Corporate Governance in Australia and New Zealand: A Research Synthesis. Knechel, W.R. and Salterio, S.E., 2016.Auditing: assurance and risk. Routledge. Nicoll, P., 2016.Audit in a democracy: the Australian model of public sector audit and its application to emerging markets. Routledge. Shah, M. and Jarzabkowski, L., 2013. The Australian higher education quality assurance framework: From improvement-led to compliance-driven.Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education,17(3), pp.96-106. Van Akkeren, J. and Tarr, J.A., 2014. Regulation, compliance and the Australian forensic accounting profession.Journal of Forensic and Investigative Accounting,6(3), pp.1-26.

Symbolism in the short story girl by Jamaica Kincaid Research Paper Example

Symbolism in the short story girl by Jamaica Kincaid Paper Name: Lecturer: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in the short story girl by Jamaica Kincaid specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in the short story girl by Jamaica Kincaid specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in the short story girl by Jamaica Kincaid specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Symbolism in the short story girl by Jamaica Kincaid Symbolism is one of the stylistic devices incorporated in literary works. This involves the use of real objects to represent abstract ideas. Symbols in literary works materialize in a variety of ways and can be interpreted into ideas universal in nature than the physical aspect of the object used. In the short story, ‘Girl’, Jamaica Kincaid utilizes the use of symbolism by incorporating tangible items such as the trunk, marbles and Benna, which is effective, in my opinion as it serves the purpose of evoking the reader to consider their significance and creating comprehension of the prevailing human conditions. One of the stylistic devices used in the short story â€Å"girl†, by Jamaica Kincaid, is symbolism. The short story depicts various objects that have been given deeper meaning. One is the trunk belonging to Annie’s mother (Schilb, 55). This object is used by the author to represent the self. When Annie was a young girl, one of her most interesting activities involved perusing through the mother’s trunk. Later on, we find her defining her own self by using the various objects that she found in the trunk. At a tender age, Annie would share the mother’s trunk without limits since the trunk and her very own self were the same (Schilb, 56). The narrative details the mother’s trunk to having come from Dominica. This meant that the trunk seemed to contain the entire family’s history. Later on, when Annie decides to have her personal trunk, this trunk will take the resemblance of her self just like the one that belonged to her mother. This new trunk now symbolizes her new realization of self as it goes to the extent of bearing a label that reads, â€Å"My name is Annie John. The use of trunk to symbolize personality is highly thoughtful. In daily lives, trunks are normally used to putting old personal effects. With this regard, going through a person’s trunk leads to one revealing a lot of history, and hence reveals one’s personality. Another form of symbolism is identified in the Marbles. The initial marbles given to Annie are from her mother after she recovers them from a package of oats. The two marbles are different in color with one being white with blue while the other being white with yellowish brown. Annie takes the blue marble to be symbolic of the ocean and the brown marble to be representative of the landmasses of the earth. Later on, Annie obtains some new marble that symbolize the new world that Annie is attempting to fashion for herself (Kincaid, 56). After receiving the new set of marbles, Annie decides to devote herself to marbles. By this, she gets to win marbles from all the people and collects a sizeable stash. The development of Annie’s marble career goes in hand with shifting in her world as she now spends quality time with the red girl. The red girl is symbolic to the non-socialized order. As Annie plays with the marbles, she gets to see beyond what both her mother and teachers have been teaching her. She now gets to see the original restrictive worldview. There is an instance where we see Annie’s mother furiously searching for her marbles. The real item she is seeking is not the physical marbles but the new world that these marbles have opened up Annie to. The mother is opposed to this new world, as it tends to defy the new social program. Marbles take the shape of crystal balls used by seers in foretelling hidden details. The author is therefore in place when he uses marbles to illustrate how the â€Å"gir l† has attained a new worldview. Milton’s paradise lost is a narrative that â€Å"girl is compelled to take notes as punishment for allegedly blaspheming Christopher Columbus in her history book. The title of the book â€Å"Paradise Lost† is apt. The story narrated in the book is about the fall of Lucifer. The book narrates how Lucifer was plunged into darkness and exile as punishment for challenging God. The problems facing Annie could be identical to the predicament Lucifer was in at the time. Annie is facing a predicament for challenging the authority of her mother and by association of the colonial order although she fears the punishment of being thrown into exile. The title of the book is also symbolic of the predicament that could befall Annie for apparently challenging the colonial authority that deemed it fit in terming Columbus a hero. The idea of exile is representative of Annie’s fear of being left all alone. The title, â€Å"A Lost Paradise†, is apt for Antigua. It is an isla nd with the scenery resembling that of a paradise. It was however transformed into a virtual hell through the settling of the Europeans who introduced slavery in the land. In the short story, the author uses the word Benna to symbolize sexuality. Benna are Antiguan folk songs that are used to symbolize sexuality. Annie’s mother fears that Annie has come across too much knowledge on sexuality for her age. In the native Antiguan culture, the natives used to sing Bennas as a means of passing on scandalous rumors and gossips surreptitiously without the knowledge of the colonialists. Her naivety led her to singing the Benna in church, â€Å"don’t sing Benna in Sunday school; you mustn’t speak to wharf-rat†. The act of singing Benna during Sunday school classes was an act of utter sin and disobedience (Saxton, 45). The Benna contained outlawed information that could not be uttered in public. Making such utterances in a church setting was both disobedience and sinful. Annie was too young to comprehend the relationship between Benna and sexuality as the older people like her mother did, however, the manner in which she protested indicates that she was aware of the seductive meaning behind the Benna, its mystique and its forbidden aspects. The fact that Annie is too adamant and near desperate denials raise the idea that she could have already sung the Benna and worst still, during Sunday school classes with some of her friends. This is an indication that Annie has developed an interest in the opposite sex in addition to a mounting exasperation with the mother’s guidance and incursion into her personal life (Saxton, 45). Food is another object used the short story to symbolize the mother’s belief on the importance of domesticity. There are numerous occasions where the mother emphasizes on food. The knowledge of preparing pumpkin fritters, tea, bread pudding, doukona, and pepper are highly essential as they form a link between the womenfolk and the families. The skills and art behind food preparation act as great legacies of mothers passed down to new generations through their daughters. Some of the foods such as doukona and pepper pot act as objects of placing the story Antigua and the Caribbean. These foods are mentioned by the author to indicate the setting of the story to the reader, instead of using unnecessary descriptions. Clothing in the story is used to indicate the level of respectability. Clothes are closely associated with proper housekeeping in indicating a woman’s character. Annie’s mother emphasizes on the clothing aspects since proper clothing reflects an individual’s character and personality, whereas shabbiness reflected the level of laziness and poverty present in an individual. The activities involved in clothing preparation that include Washing, sewing, and ironing are used as forms of protecting the status held by women in addition to defending the women’s productivity and self-worth (Milne, 45). The neatness and appearance of a woman’s cloth is a reflection of her sexual respectability and morality. The use of clothing in displaying good organization skills and well grooming in women were indications of her competence and control. In addition, these women could never be suspected of having outlawed relationships with other men. Annie’s mother therefore puts a lot of emphasis on the importance of dressing and appearance since she does not want the daughter to fall victim of ridicule and disrespect. Her fears are constantly reflected by the many times she cautions her child from being a â€Å"slut† (Milne, 45). In conclusion, we find that the author has utilized symbolism in the short story, girl. Symbolism in the story takes the form of concrete objects, actions, characters and figures of speech to take on abstract ideas. Concrete objects such as Annie’s trunk are used by the author to represent universal meanings such as Annie’s self. The act of clothing oneself is taken to represent the moral standards of a person especially for the womenfolk in the narrative. The most challenging symbol used in the narrative is the Benna. This is because one requires background knowledge to be acquainted with why the Benna was highly constrained from being used in the church. Works Cited Kincaid, Jamaica. Girl. San Francisco: San Francisco Examiner, 1991. Print. Milne, Ira M. Short Stories for Students: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Short Stories. Detroit: Gale Group, 2000. Print. Saxton, Ruth. The Girl: Constructions of the Girl in Contemporary Fiction by Women. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1998. Print. Schilb, John. Making Literature Matter: An Anthology for Readers and Writers. S. l.: Bedford St Martins, 2011. Print.

Myob story Essays

Myob story Essays Myob story Essay Myob story Essay The City of Albertville actively supports the summer Job club that is organized by the local high school. Ralph Klein, Samantha Yoshi, and Kyra Elmore were very enthusiastic about their first day of work. They had all received word two weeks ago, after intensive inter views that they had been chosen as the successful applicants for three openings in the Data Operations Department. Arriving at 8:00 A. M. in the main foyer of City Hall, they were ushered into a second-floor meeting room to await the arrival of their new supervisor, Buzz Pringle. In addition to being the department manager, Buzz was a well-respected Data Entry Clerk and a long-time employee with the city. 1. Kyra is introduced to Samuel Weinhardt, the senior clerk for the department. Samuel is new to computers and works primarily as an inspector for computer-generated plans and reports. Although fascinated by the software, Samuel has had problems with some Windows operations and has compiled a written list of problems that he now hands to Kyra. The list reads as follows: a) Ive tried double- clicking on icons to move them, but I Just seem to get windows opening up all over he place. ) Ive tried to resize a window by clicking and holding down the right mouse button over its border, but it doesnt seem to work. c) The cascade Windows command doesnt seem to arrange the open windows in a floor tile pattern like its supposed to. d) Ive tried to move a window by clicking and holding down the left mouse button over its Maximize button, but it Just expands the window. e) I dont understand how an active window can be active when its not moving.

Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Differences in Culture of America and Term Paper

Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Differences in Culture of America and Australia - Term Paper Example The effects of the United Kingdom culture is also very strong on both America and Australia. America sports are unique as compared to the rest of the world. The more popular sports in America are Baseball, American football etc. This shows that the impact of British culture is less on America as compared to Australia, where Cricket is a very famous sport. The social institutions of a family are very weak in the American system and are falling apart. The Australian social institutions, on the other hand, are similar to the British. This nuclear family and extended family are closer together as compared to the American system. This discrimination based on economic prosperity has strengthened the class differences in American society. Moreover, this also creates two different cultures in American society based on economic prosperity. The education system is more cohesive in Australia whereas the dominant religion in both Australia and America is Christianity. The most prominent fact about the American business culture is the Autocratic leadership style. In the Australia business, culture titles have less importance as compared to the American. Studies on both cultures conducted by Hofstede have shown similarities in the culture of America and Australia. There is a high level of individuality in both people belonging to both nations. These similarities point to almost similar business culture in both countries. The phenomenon of globalization has engulfed different aspects of research and business. The reach of business organizations has reached to different continents. This phenomenon of globalization has also affected the nature of organizations. The emphasis on the service sector is continuously increasing. Not long ago any manufacturing company was represented by its manufacturing plants, engineers etc. The situation today is very different.

Applying Research in Practice Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Applying in Practice - Research Paper Example Evidence based research identifies practices for prevention and management of pressure ulcers that complement and support the institution’s recommendations. Continuous Bedside Pressure Mapping (CBPM) offers a basis for detecting pressures at different parts of a patient’s body and therefore helps to relocate the patient to offload pressure from the areas (Behrendt, Ghaznavi, Manhan, Craft, & Siddiqui, 2014). The authors established that CBPM reduces patients’ risk of developing pressure ulcers. In an experimental design, results reported 0.9 percent chance of developing pressure ulcers under CBPM and 4.8 percent chance without application of CBPM. The evidence identifies the guidelines’ objective for prevention and management of pressure ulcers but with inefficiency. While the guidelines identify need for repositioning in order to alleviate pressure, it fails to provide an approach for accurate determination of pressure levels for positioning. This means t hat according to the guidelines, positioning may be done when pressure is less than the threshold for causing or worsening pressure ulcers. Similarly, pressure at some point may exceed the threshold level but may not be detected for repositioning. The discrepancy between the guidelines and practice suggest inefficiency in prevention of pressure ulcers, under the guidelines, and this can be inferred to management. Nurses can resolve this by using technology to identify real time pressure at different points of a patient’s body. With such an approach, repositioning can be effective in preventing pressure ulcers and in offloading pressure from affected regions to facilitate recovery. In addition to accurate monitoring of pressure, nurses can also collaborate with physicians and surgeons to promote surgical intervention for management of pressure ulcers (Giaquinto-Cilliers, 2014). This can facilitate

Grief, death and the psychology of dying

Grief, death and the psychology of dying Different people of different religions, race, age and culture have different perceptions of death and the way to go about the loss. The following research tries to explain why people behave the way they do in their different manner. It defines death and grief, why, when and how they occur. It also explains about the misconceptions that people have about death and grief. It gives a more understanding of these phenomena and explores what people go through when they experience them. The paper also gives solutions on how a person should handle the situation once it has happened to him. Grief is the reaction to loss; it is mainly associated with a loss of something or someone to whom a person had formed a bond with. A person can respond to grief emotionally, socially, physically or even through the way they behave. Grief is caused by loss of a variety of things. It can be as a result of a divorce, an illness, loss of someones possessions, status, employment, pets and loved ones (OConnor, Irwin, Wellisch, 2009). Different people react differently when they go through a loss. The different reactions may be as a result of what one has lost. These reactions may be manifested from one person to another or within the same person. The different reactions emanate from peoples diversity cultures, personalities, age, religious and spiritual practices and beliefs (Kubler, 1991) Grief exacerbates both and physical and psychiatric morbidity. This is common especially after a loss of a spouse. During this period, the bereaved usually exhibits symptoms such as headaches, heart palpitations, dizziness and trembling. The bereaved also tends to suffer from depressive symptoms during the first year after the loss. Those who are bereaved young tend to take more symptom relief drugs as well as showing more physical distress than older people. For the older people, the number of visits to the physician as well as hospitalization increases during the time of physical distress. Grieving is an early and old phenomenon. During the olden days, people used to seek help with their grief from religious leaders, extended families, and close neighborhoods as well religious institutions. Today, because of secularization, lack of a sense of community and lack of belief in formal religion, has led to the bereaved seeking help from health workers (Worden, 2002). Children differ in mourning with adults. They tend to return to an earlier behavior like clinging to a toy, thumb sucking or even depicting an angry behavior. They are not mature to mourn like adults but they mourn intensely. A loss in childhood can result to emotional problems as well as physical illness. This poses a great risk as the child can contemplate suicide or become a delinquent. This is mostly common in adolescents (Kubler, 1991) Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross believed that grief has its own stages. These stages include emotional reactions like denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. She advises that understanding grief is an important part of the human experience as it is a necessary response that helps to heal from the overwhelming experience of loss (Kubler, 1991) Dr. Kubler suggests some of the things that a griever can engage in order to overcome grief. Some of these things may include participating in support groups which may either be faith based or secular. Those people going through a complicated grieving process are advised to attend a therapy session with a psychologist or any other qualified professional dealing with mental health. She also advises grievers to take food supplements as well as eating healthy foods (Kubler, 1991) Exercise and work outs like jogging and aerobics are also recommended during this period of grieving. Grieving is also an emotional drainer process thus she recommends enough rest for the person grieving. Places of worship are also known to be very helpful in providing solace and comfort to those grieving. Dr. Kubler recommends that grievers show emotions whenever possible like letting the tears to flow as this facilitates the healing process (Kubler, 1991) At this point of grieving, the griever requires a lot of acceptance and support from friends, family or the people around. The griever may depict a wide range of emotions that may require a lot of understanding from people around (OConnor, Irwin, Wellisch, 2009). To grieve is more than just to show sadness. It involves positive experiences when it deepens interpersonal connections. Grief can cause great wear and tear to both the psyche and the physical body. It is experienced in a very personal way although there are some commonalities to grief. Different people may go through similar reactions to grief such as nightmares, hallucinations and problems with appetite. Other people may experience sleeping disorders while others may go short of breath. Intense or complicated grief can result to complicated responses. These responses may include suicide attempts, murders, shock and even mental disorders. Grief which is complicated can be debilitating, it involves pangs of painful emotions which are recurrent. It may also involve intense longing and yearning for the lost person or thing and also thoughts which are preoccupied with the lost person or thing. Death It is the cessation or termination of biological functions that make up a living organism. Death refers to both a particular event and the condition that result thereby. Many religious beliefs tend to be concerned more with the condition than a particular event. People have different perceptions of dying and death. Many wonder how it occurs or whether the dying just accepts death quietly. Many questions also linger in our minds whether the dying think of their possible decomposition, being consumed by maggots or rotting in hell (Piven, 2004). The process of dying is a process that is known because it is witnessed and described by those involved in it. Certain factors influence the dying experience. These are interpersonal relationships, gender, nature of a disease and the treatment environment, and age. A young child may not understand the nature of death as a mature adult with diverse life experiences would. The dying process is also influenced by gender as a result of different roles played by women and men. A dying man is more likely to think of financial provisions for his family while a dying woman is more concerned with family integrity. Individuals who have experienced a poor interpersonal relationship experience a greater distress while dying than one who had a good relationship (Wass Neimeyer, 1995). Death is seen to be an event as it occurs in a particular time, at a particular place and in a particular way. Death is also seen to be a condition as one is seen to be incapable of carrying the important functions of life. It is a condition that is not reversible. It is also a universal certainty. It forms the centre of many organizations and traditions. Death can be accidental, intentional or natural. Many species die from predation. Intentional activities causing death may involve death by ones self i.e. suicide, death by others i.e. homicide and calamities like war. Death by natural causes is mostly caused indirectly by human activities (Appel, 2005). To determine whether a person is dead or not, there are signs that one can look for. Some of these signs may include; respiration cessation. Breathing stoppage is a good sign that a person is dead. Lack of body metabolism can also suggest that a person is no longer alive. Other signs are a lack of a pulse, body becoming pale a few minutes after the person dies, body temperature reducing and stiffness of the corpse limbs (Appel, 2005). Death can be clinical or legal. When a person ceases to breathe and to circulate blood, the person is declared to be clinically dead. This happens when a person gets a cardiac arrest or the heart simply stops to beat. During this time, the person losses consciousness and the brain activities stop. Procedures to resuscitate the patient are initiated. These include putting the patient under cardiac life support machine which attempts to restart a heartbeat. The resuscitation continues until the recovery of a heartbeat or when a physician determines that the recovery is impossible and the patient is declared legally dead. A brain dead patient with heart and lungs that are functioning can be pronounced to be legally dead (Safar, 1988). Legally, the state brain dead defines death. This occurs when the brain activities both voluntary and involuntary are irreversible and hence cannot sustain life. Irreversible loss of brain functions is caused by direct trauma to the head as a result of a gunshot wound or an accident caused by a motor vehicle. Loss of brain functions can also be caused by massive hemorrhage as result of high blood pressure complications (Murray, 1990). Legal death is when a qualified personnel declares that a patient does not require further medical care and the patient be pronounced dead under the law. Some of the circumstances favorable for a person to be pronounced legally dead is when brain dead. This is when the brain activity is not detected. Psychology of dying According to psychologists, when going through the process of dying one goes through the experience of pain, regret, and fear of the unknown. Our social systems also break down death into distinctive dreads. Example, as a means to obtain moral obedience, religions mold death anxiety into fear of agonizing hell (Wass Neimeyer, 1995). The fears and ideas that people have about death are not innate; they are learnt from their cultural and social environments. A particular cultures system of death conditions the behaviors of the living. For instance, their willingness to receive an organ transplant, suicide contemplation, their will to take risks, to purchase a life insurance, preference for cremation or burial, their attitude towards abortion or capital punishment and their hope for resurrection Religion is also known to shape peoples attitudes toward death. This could be positive or negative. The more religious members display a more consistent attitude of death as measured by the level of fear of death. Those who believe in afterlife have a coherent understanding of situations related to death. Death anxiety, threat and fear result into other forms of psychological distress. Health status is unrelated to the level of fear and anxiety of death (Wass Neimeyer, 1995). Pursuing a death-exposure profession like medicine or attending the morgue does not necessarily increase the fear of death or anxiety. Those professionals or volunteers who work closely with the dying show reduced fear of death and much death competency. Physicians usually have a difficult time with their patients whom they know have no chance of recovery. Telling a patient about his dying is never justified. On the same note, to withhold a patients dying information is not warranted. According to Dr. Kubler (1991), people regardless of their age, religious orientation, race or cultures recognize when they are about to die. Some may start bidding farewell even if death is not expected. Dr. Kubler equates death to being born into a different existence. To die is like to move from one house to another only a more beautiful house this time. It does not matter how death may have occurred because the experience is the same (Kubler, 1991). When one dies, i.e. when the soul leaves the body, it is still possible to perceive what is happening around the dying place i.e. where the body was left. One is able to register everything with a new awareness different from the earthly consciousness. This happens the same way as when one is lying unconscious having a surgery. During surgery, many patients have an out of body experience where they watch surgeons work on them and can actually hear them talk. The same thing happens when a dying patient is in a deep coma. The patient can neither move nor talk but can hear and understand everything being said to him (Kubler, 1991). Nobody dies alone. When one leaves the physical existence, one joins another existence where time, space or distance does not exist. The power of thought is able to bridge long distances in a split of a second. Many people have experienced this when someone who lived many thousands of miles away suddenly appears to them and then later come to realize that they just passed away a few hours or days ago. When patients are on their deathbeds, they report to see people whom they used to see and play with when they were little, only to have forgotten their existence when they grew up. These people die peacefully and happy knowing that someone who loves them will be waiting for them. Generally, people waiting for us on the other side are those who loved us the most (Kubler, 1991). People die at different times; as little children, as young people or very old people. According to Dr. Kubler, the young have already learnt what they were supposed to learn and the old have accomplished what they were supposed to do at the time of their death. If we live well, we will not worry about dying (Kubler, 1991). Conclusion Different people of different religions, race, age and culture have different perceptions of death and the way to go about the loss. The study has identified grief as a reaction to loss, where the victim responds in an emotional, social and physical manner to portray his/her state. In this case, the study has identified that the different reactions exhibited by people as a result of death varies with their diversity cultures, personalities, age, religion and spiritual practices and beliefs. The study has identified several stages taken in a grief process. These include emotional reactions like denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. There are, however different ways of overcoming grief, the study has identified a simple method as group participation in a faith based or secular to be an effective approach. On the other hand, individuals undergoing through a complicated grieving process are advised to attend a therapy session with a psychologist or any other qualified professional dealing with mental health. Eating food supplements and healthy eating habits also helps to overcome grief. Death is seen to be an event as it occurs in a specified time, place, and in a certain way. Death is also seen to be a condition as one is seen to be incapable of carrying the important functions of life. It is a condition that is not reversible. Dr. Kubler has argued that people, regardless of their age, religious orientation, race or cultures recognize when they are about to die. People die at different times; as little children, as young people or very old people. When one dies, i.e. when the soul leaves the body, it is still po ssible to perceive what is happening around the dying place.